Whole steps and half steps (also known as tones and semitones) are the basic building blocks of musical scales and melodies. They define the distance between two notes.
Half Step (Semitone): The smallest possible movement between two notes. On a piano, it’s the distance between one key and the very next key (whether black or white). For example, moving from C to C# or E to F is a half step.
Whole Step (Whole Tone): A whole step is made up of two half steps. On a piano, it means skipping one key in between. For example, moving from C to D (skipping C#) or E to F# (skipping F) is a whole step.
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